Introduction
Setting up a coffee nursery can raise many questions:
How much shade do seedlings really need? How often should I water? What kind of net works best?
This FAQ brings together the most common questions coffee growers ask — backed by field trials, agronomy research, and real farm experience.
All answers are based on 75–80% shade net systems tested in Ethiopia, Ecuador, and Indonesia.
Why 75–80% Shade?
Research from Indonesia and Ecuador consistently shows that 75–80% shade delivers the best seedling growth and uniformity.
At this level, light intensity remains sufficient for photosynthesis while protecting leaves from heat and UV stress. Growth data showed increases of 25–35% in height and leaf area compared with lower or full-sun conditions.
Think of it as “filtered forest light” — bright enough for energy, soft enough for safety.
Can Coffee Grow Without Shade?
Technically yes — but poorly. Coffee is a shade-tolerant C3 plant, adapted to filtered light in tropical forests.
Without shade, seedlings experience leaf burn, dehydration, and stunted root growth. Even in full-sun plantations, temporary shade during the nursery phase ensures strong, balanced seedlings before transplanting.
Skipping shade saves time today but costs growth tomorrow.
How Often Should I Water Under Shade?
Under 75–80% shade, the ideal watering interval is every 4 days, based on trials in Bogor (Indonesia).
This rhythm keeps the soil near field capacity without waterlogging roots. Overwatering under shade is a common mistake — shaded soil retains moisture longer than open soil.
Check by touch: if the top 2–3 cm feels cool but not sticky, it’s perfect.
When Should I Reduce Shade?
Gradually reduce shade to 40–50% about 2–3 weeks before transplanting. This “hardening phase” prepares seedlings for outdoor sunlight and fluctuating temperatures.
Lowering shade too fast can shock seedlings, while maintaining full shade too long delays adaptation. Use adjustable side panels or secondary nets for controlled light reduction.
Shade isn’t permanent — it’s part of the training plan.
Shade Nets vs Trees — Which Is Better?
| Aspect | Shade Nets | Shade Trees |
| Setup Time | Immediate | 2–3 years |
| Light Control | Adjustable (50–90%) | Natural / uneven |
| Maintenance | Clean & replace | Prune & replant |
| Cost | Moderate | Low (after establishment) |
| Best Use | Nursery & young plants | Mature plantations |
Shade nets provide precise control and immediate results, ideal for nurseries and early-stage plants. Shade trees provide long-term ecosystem benefits once the plantation is established.
Best practice: use nets in the nursery, trees in the field.
What Are the Best Colors and Widths for Coffee Shade Nets?
- Color: Black or dark green for stable temperature control and durability.
- Width: Standard 4–6 meters; wider spans (up to 8m) for larger structures.
- Shade Rate: 75–80% for nurseries; 40–50% for hardening areas.
Avoid cheap, thin nets (<50gsm) — they degrade quickly and cause inconsistent shading. Always look for UV-stabilized HDPE Raschel knit with 5–8 years lifespan.
High-density, double-selvage nets stay tight, cool, and reliable.
How Long Should I Keep the Nursery Shaded?
Maintain full shading for the first 4–6 months, until seedlings reach 25–30 cm in height. Then begin gradual light exposure for the next 2–3 weeks before transplant.
Extended full shading beyond 7–8 months may slow leaf thickening and reduce field readiness.
Plan your hardening zone in advance to streamline the transition.
Shade is for growth — not for shelter forever.
Call to Action
Still have questions about your coffee shade system?
EyouAgro’s agronomy team can analyze your local climate, recommend shading ratios, and design a full nursery layout.
Ask an Agronomy Advisor:info@kevin
Explore Coffee Shade Net Solutions →
Download Coffee Nursery Guide (PDF) →
Science-backed answers. Farm-proven solutions.
